時間：2020-06-25 08:22來源：藍天飛行翻譯公司 作者：民航翻譯 點擊：次
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b) those extremes which occur so infrequently that to require the Standards to be met in such extremes would give a higher level of airworthiness than experience has shown to be necessary and practical. Approved. Accepted by a Member State as suitable for a particular purpose. Calibrated airspeed (CAS). The calibrated airspeed is equal to the airspeed indicator reading corrected for position and instrument error. (As a result of the sea level adiabatic compressible flow correction to the airspeed instrument dial, CAS is equal to the true airspeed (TAS) in International Standard Atmosphere at sea level.) Configuration (as applied to the aeroplane). A particular combination of the positions of the movable elements such as wing flaps, landing gear, etc., which affect the aerodynamic characteristics of the aeroplane. Configuration deviation list (CDL). A list established by the organization responsible for the type design with the approval of the State of Design which identifies any external parts of an aircraft type which may be missing at the commencement of a flight, and which contains, where necessary, any information on associated operating limitations and performance correction. Commercial air transport operation. An aircraft operation involving the transport of passengers, cargo or mail for remuneration or hire. Contaminated runway.* A runway is contaminated when a significant portion of the runway surface area (whether in isolated areas or not) within the length and width being used is covered by one or more of the substances listed in the runway surface condition descriptors. Note.— Further information on runway surface condition descriptors can be found in the Annex 14, Volume I Definitions. Crew member. A person assigned by an operator to duty on an aircraft during a flight duty period. Critical engine(s). Any engines(s) whose failure gives the most adverse effect on the aircraft characteristics relative to the case under consideration. Declared temperature. A temperature selected in such a way that when used for performance purposes, over a series of operations, the average level of safety is not less than would be obtained by using official forecast temperatures. Design landing mass. The maximum mass of the aircraft at which, for structural design purposes, it is assumed that it will be planned to land. Design take-off mass. The maximum mass at which the aircraft, for structural design purposes, is assumed to be planned to be at the start of the take-off run. Distance at time of landing. Landing distance achievable in normal line operations following recommended procedures furnished for the prevailing conditions. Elevation. The vertical distance of a point or a level, on or affixed to the surface of the earth, measured from mean sea level. Engine. A unit used or intended to be used for aircraft propulsion. It consists of at least those components and equipment necessary for functioning and control, but excludes the propeller/rotors (if applicable). Expected. Used in relation to various aspects of performance (e.g. rate or gradient of climb), this term means the standard performance for the type, in the relevant conditions (e.g. mass, altitude and temperature). Factored distance at time of landing. A factored landing distance derived from the distance at time of landing used for the check at time of landing. Flight crew member. A licensed crew member charged with duties essential to the operation of an aircraft during a flight duty period. Flight manual. A manual, associated with the certificate of airworthiness, containing limitations within which the aircraft is to be considered airworthy, and instructions and information necessary to the flight crew members for the safe operation of the aircraft. Flight operations officer/flight dispatcher. A person designated by the operator to engage in the control and supervision of flight operations, whether licensed or not, suitably qualified in accordance with Annex 1, who supports, briefs and/or assists the pilot-in-command in the safe conduct of the flight. |
